Get Smart About Sudden Heart Emergencies
Cardiovascular conditions are a leading cause of medical emergencies and sudden death among American adults. A cardiac emergency can be terrifying as there is a small window to act and save lives. The heart is the body’s engine, carrying blood to supply organs, muscles, and more. Every second counts, so knowing the signs of cardiac distress is crucial, especially if an individual has a history of cardiovascular disease. There are 3 cardiac emergencies in particular that need immediate attention. Learn what to do when the signs appear.
1. A possible heart attack
Every 40 seconds, an adult suffers a heart attack, which can be life-threatening. Known as a myocardial infarction, heart attacks occur when blood flow toward the heart is disrupted. Most heart attacks are caused by blockages or damage to the coronary arteries due to factors like cholesterol buildup. When blood does not flow through the heart, the muscle dies, leading to severe consequences. Look for signs such as chest pain and pressure, shortness of breath, nausea, and lightheadedness. Take action and call 911 right away, as the symptoms may not improve. Doctors may advise chewing an aspirin to improve blood flow. Stay calm, wait for support, and keep the individual still and comfortable until help arrives.
2. Look out for cardiac arrest
Cardiac arrest is a more severe consequence when the heart stops beating. When a cardiac arrest occurs, blood flow is shut off to the brain and other vital organs. While heart attacks disrupt blood to the heart, cardiac arrest disrupts the heartbeat due to an electrical malfunction. This situation can cause someone to lose consciousness, which can be fatal if left untreated. A cardiac arrest can lead to no breathing and pulse, so quick action is needed to save the individual’s life. Performing cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) via chest compressions keeps blood flowing to the brain and vital organs. Have someone 911 immediately while maintaining at least 100 chest compressions per minute. Some locations have an automated external defibrillator (AED), devices that provide an electrical shock to restart the heart. Have trained personnel use the AED until emergency services arrive.
3. Have you heard of an aortic dissection?
A lesser-known but just as serious cardiac emergency is an aortic dissection when a tear occurs in the aorta. This major artery carries blood from the heart to the rest of the body. An injury or a weakened artery wall can lead to dissection. Common risk factors include hypertension, atherosclerosis, or an underlying defect. With aortic dissections, blood can flow between the layers of the aorta’s wall or heart, causing heart attack-like symptoms. Severe chest, back, neck, and jaw pain can occur, along with shortness of breath. Some individuals may have a weak pulse or notice a ripping sensation in the chest. Call emergency services immediately and keep the individual calm and still while waiting for help. This prevents further damage to the artery.
Stay heart healthy but take action when necessary
Quick action is necessary for cardiac emergencies. Without immediate attention, conditions like heart attacks or cardiac arrest can be fatal. Doctors encourage individuals with a history of heart conditions to maintain optimal health and wellness through diet and exercise. Consider having emergency protocols in place in the event of a cardiac emergency. Should the symptoms come on quickly and suddenly, nearby persons should contact emergency services and remain stable until help arrives.
